String in C
String in C:-
A string in C is a character array terminated with a null character.
All the string are character array but all the character array is not a string.
main()
{
char p[]={‘a’,’b’,’c’,’d’};
char q[]={‘a’,’b’,’c’,’d’,’\0’};
}
Here p is character array and q is a string.
Anything is written within a double code that is known as the string constant.
Ex:-
main()
{
char p[]={‘a’,’b’,’c’,’d’,’\0’};
char q[]=”abcd”;
}
Here p and q both are same but most appropriate declaration is q.
Here q is string constant.
Here some important string functions are used.
Strlen:-
Strlen measures the length of the string without null character.
main()
{
char r[]="abc";
printf("%d %d",strlen(r));
}
Size_of:-
Size_of measure the length of the string including null character.
main()
{
char r[]="abc";
printf("%d %d", sizeof(r));
}
Strcpy:-
strcpy copies the entire string including null character.
main()
{
char x[20];
strcpy(x,"c program");
printf("%s",x);
}
Strncpy:-
strncpy only copy no. of character except null character.
main()
{
char x[20];
strncpy(x,"c program",4);
printf("%s",x);
}
Strcmp:-
Strcmp is used to compare two string.
main()
{
char x[]="Abc";
char y[]="abc";
int k=strcmp(x,y);
if(k==0)
{
printf("same");
}
else
{
printf("different");
}
}
Strcat:-
Strcat command is used to concat the string.
main()
{
char x[30]="abc";
char y[20]="def";
strcat(x,y);
printf("%s",x);
}
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